EFFECT OF COMMERCIAL SULFURIC ACID, PHOSPHORUS, IRON AND ZINC APPLICATION ON PHOSPHORUS, IRON, ZINC AVAILABILITY IN CALCAREOUS SOIL AND YIELD OF CABBAGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/00cwjd69Keywords:
Acidified Water; Active lime; Calcareous Soil; Cabbage.Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of commercial Sulfuric acid, phosphorous, iron, and zinc application on Phosphorus, Iron, Zinc Availability in Calcareous Soil and Yield of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), in an agricultural field at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad / Iraq during the autumn season of 2021, in silty loam soil using Split Plot Design in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Sulfuric acid H2SO4 added with irrigation water at 0 and 2 ml L-1. Phosphorus was added to the soil at (0, 50, 75 and 100%) from the recommended level (65 kg P ha-1) as TSP (20% P), iron was added to the soil at 10 kg Fe ha-1 as FeSO4.7H2O (20% Fe), and zinc was added to the soil at 5 kg Zn ha-1 as ZnSO4.7H2O (23 %Zn). Results showed a significant effect of adding commercial sulfuric acid H2SO4, Phosphorus and zinc fertilizers to the soil (2 ml L-1 + 65 kg P ha-1 + 5 kg Zn ha-1) after 30 days of planting and after harvest and achieved available phosphorus of 27.87 and 22.48 mg P kg-1 soil and available iron of 7.197 and 7.210 mg Fe kg-1 soil and available zinc of 1.907 and 1.883 mg Zn kg-1 soil respectively, and plant yield of 70.64 Mg ha-1 with an increase of 81.12 % compared to control.
References
1. Abdul Qadir, A.; G. Murtaza; M. Zia ur Rehman and E. Waraich. 2022. Application of gypsum or sulfuric acid improves physiological traits and nutritional status of rice in calcareous saline sodic soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 22(2): 1846–1858.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00776-1
2. Al-balawna, Z. A. and I. I. Abu-Abdoun. 2021. Effect of adding dilute sulphuric acid on calcareous soil properties in Jordan Valley. Arch Agri Res Technol 2(1): 1-4.
http://dx.doi.org/10.54026/AART/1023
3. Al-Dulaimi, H. N. O. and H. A. Margan. 2014. Effect of foliar fertilization with calcium and the addition of sulfuric acid on the content of corn Zea mays L.. bohoth 106 of the elements phosphorus and nitrogen. Al Furat Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 6(4): 148-154.
https://www.iasj.net/iasj/download/3e7d922bc10d0ef6
4. Al-Fatlawi, A. U. H. and H. N. O. Al-Dulaimi. 2015. Effect of foliar fertilization with potassium element and addition of dilute sulfuric acid on yield and components of corn Zea mays L. Furat cultivar. Al Furat Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 7(4): 137-146.
https://www.iasj.net/iasj/article/111503
5. Al-Halfi, D. A. N and S. S. J. Al-Azzawi. 2022. Effect of organic fertilizer sources and chemical fertilization on some soil physical traits and yield of summer squash (Cucurbta Pepo L.). Iraqi Journal of Market Research and Consumer Protection. 14(2): 74-81.
http://dx.doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc14.2.2022.(9)
6. Ali, N. S., S. H. Radi and A. Shaker, 2014. Soil Fertility. College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences. University of Baghdad. Scientific Book House Corporation for printing, publishing and distribution. Iraq. PP: 307.
7. Ali, N. S., M. M. Allawi and N. H. Majeed, 2022. Rhizospheric Management and Agricultural Sustainability. University of Baghdad/ College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences. Science Center for Printing Office. PP: 323.
8. Al-Mawsili, M. A. D.; W. A. Al-Badrani; F. A. S. H. and S. M. Al-Rashidi. 2019. Plant Nutrition (Theoretical and Practical). International Book House. Beirut. PP: 464.
9. Al-Mashhadany, A. H. and M. Z. K. Al-Mharib. 2023. Effect of fertilizers starter solutions on growth and production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). Research on Crops. 24 (1): 119-122.
doi: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11155
10. Al-Mharib, M. Z. K., F. M. J. Al-Saadi and A. H. Almashhadany. 2020. Studies on growth and yield indicators for kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea) plant treated with mineral fertilizers and root enhancers. Research on Crops. 21(2): 333–338.
doi: 10.31830/2348-7542.2020.56
11. Al-Tameemi, A. J. H.; Y. A. Mahmood and J. J. A. Noora. 2019. Effect of spraying chelated and nano of both iron and zinc on the growth and yield of broccoli(Brassica oleraceavar. Italica). Plant Archives. 19(1): 1783-1790.
http://www.plantarchives.org/PDF%2019-1/1783-1790%20(4757).pdf
12. Barrow, N. J.. 2017. The effects of pH on phosphate uptake from the soil. Plant Soil. 410(12): 401–410.
doi:10.1007/s11104-016-3008-9
13. Dotaniya, M. L. and V. D. Meena. 2015. Rhizosphere effect on nutrient availability in soil and its uptake by plants. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section B. 85(1):1–12.
doi: 10.1007/s40011-013-0297-0
14. FAO STAT. 2018. Available at http: //www.fao.org/faostat/ar/#data/QC.
15. Gao, F., and C. Dubos 2021. Transcriptional integration of plant responses to iron availability. J. Exp. Bot. 72(9): 2056–2070.
doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa556.
16. Getaneh, S. and W. Kidanemariam. 2021. Soil acidity and its managements. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 8(3): 70-79.
http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijarbs.2021.08.03.008
17. Goulding, K. W. T. 2016. Soil acidification and the importance of liming agricultural soils with particular reference to the United Kingdom. Soil Use and Management. 32(3). 390-399.
https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12270
18. Jagtap, P. B.: M. B. Kadam and S. U. Chalak. 2016. Response of cabbage to foliar and soil application of iron and zinc in inceptisol. Advances in Life Sciences. 5(17): 6823-6827.
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sunil Chalak/publication/326772804
19. Jozdaemi, E. and A. Golchin. 2017. The effects of Iron fertilization and sulfuric acid application in irrigation water on root growth and chemical composition of bean cultivars in a calcareous soil. UCT Journal of Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. 5(2):8-13.
https://doi.org/10.24200/jrset.vol5iss02pp8-13
20. Kamal, A. M. and A. A. Rashid. 2020. The nature of iron oxide distribution in some calcareous and gypsiferous soils. Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences. 20(2): 107-119.
https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.20.2.10
21. Khorsandi, F.. 2015. Sulfuric acid effects on iron and phosphorus availability in two calcareous soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 17(9):1611-1623.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169409364833
22. Kumar, M. S. K. Chaudhary, Shashikant, S., Ravi K., S. K. Singh, M. K. Prabhakar and P. K. Singh. 2023. Effect of boron and zinc on growth and yield attributes in early cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.). International Journal of Plant & Soil Science. 35(Issue 6). P: 177-188.
doi: 10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i62844
23. Mahmood, Y. A., I. Q. Mohammed , Firas W. Ahmed and K. A. Wheib. 2020. Effect of organic, mineral fertilizers and foliar application of humic acid on growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.). Indian Journal of Ecology. 47 Special Issue (10): 39-44.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340793103
24. Mam-Rasul, Gh. A.. 2019. Zinc sorption in calcareous soils of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Soil Science. 184(2): 60-68.
doi: 10.1097/ss.0000000000000252
25. Narvall, R. P. and B. R. Singh. 2001. Soil phase speciation of iron and manganese in alum shale soils studied by parallel and sequential extraction. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 32(Issue 3-4):331-349.
https://doi.org/10.1081/css-100103011
26. Naser, K. M., A. J. H. Al-Tameemi and H. A. Baqir, 2020. Effect of applying selenium element and ascorbic acid on reducing the harmful effect of environmental stress on wheat plants irrigated by water contaminated with lead and cadmium. Plant Archives. 20(1): 1805–1811.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349966847_effect_of_applying_selenium_element
27. Pongrac, P.; S. Fischer;J.A. Thompson; G. Wright and Ph. J. White. 2020. Early Responses of Brassica oleracea roots to zinc supply under sufficient and sub-optimal phosphorus supply. Front. Plant Sci. 10:1645.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.01645.
28. Reddy, N. S. and K. Kumari. 2022. Importance of zinc in plant nutrition. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences. 24(3):490-493.
http://www.envirobiotechjournals.com/article_abstract.php?aid=12864&iid=361&jid=1
29. Rengel, Z., 2015. Availability of Mn, Zn and Fe in the rhizosphere. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 15(2): 397-409.
doi: 10.4067/s0718-95162015005000036
30. Ryan, J. and J. L. Stroehlein. 1979. Sulfuric acid treatment of calcareous soils: effects on phosphorus solubility, inorganic phosphorus forms and plant growth. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 43(4): 731-735.
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1979.03615995004300040022x
31. Salih, H. O. 2021. Effect of fertigation-applied sulfuric acid on phosphorus availability and some microelements for greenhouse cucumber. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 30(5):4901-4909.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/133235
32. Salman, A. D. and A. H. Abdul Razzaq. 2022. Effect of cultivation dates and different sources of soil fertilization on vegetative characteristics, quality and yield of broccoli. International Journal of Agricultural and Statistical Sciences. 18(1): 165-171.
docid:https://connectjournals.com/03899.2022.18.165
33. Sheikh-Abdullah, S. M. 2019. Availability of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in soils of Sulaimani Governorate. Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Soil Science. 184(3): 87.
doi: 10.1097/ss.0000000000000255
34. Singh, V. and R. Singh. 2017. Effect of zinc nutrition on yield, quality and uptake of nutrients in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). Annals of Plant and Soil Research. 19(3): 299-302.
https://www.gkvsociety.com/control/uploads/vinay%20singh%20and%20ranvir%20singh1.pdf
35. White, P. J., P. Pongrae, C. C. Sneddon, J. A. Thompson and G. Wright. 2018. Limit to the bio fortification of leafy brassicas with zinc. Agriculture. 8(3): P:32.
doi:10.3390/agriculture8030032
36. Yesmin, Laila. 2021. Effect of integrated nutrient management on the growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Sher-E-Bangla Agriculural University, Dhaka. 11(2): 52-59.
2.jpg)
